Biological processes behind hair loss

Hair loss is a problem that affects many people at different stages of life. It may be driven by multiple factors, both internal and external. Understanding what happens to our hair when it starts to shed can help identify the issue earlier and support timely, targeted steps to address it. 

In this article you will learn:

1. the natural process of hair shedding,
2. symptoms of excessive hair loss,
3. the most important causes of this process,
4. a research-tested product that supports hair health.

What is hair loss and how much is “normal”?

Hair shedding is a natural physiological process that affects everyone. On average, we lose 50–100 hairs per day, and during seasonal periods such as autumn or spring, this number may increase to as many as 200 hairs per day. This is part of the hair life cycle, in which older hairs are shed to make room for newly growing hairs.

Hair shedding is part of a natural cycle consisting of three main phases:

• Growth phase (anagen) – lasts several years; during this phase, the hair grows.
• Transition phase (catagen) – lasts several weeks; hair growth stops and hair follicles begin to shrink.
• Resting phase (telogen) – lasts from several weeks to several months; during this phase, the hair is shed and a new hair begins to grow in its place.

External factors, such as changes in the seasons, can influence the intensity of shedding, which is entirely normal. However, persistent excessive hair loss that does not resolve on its own may require attention.

When is hair shedding physiological and when should it be a concern?

It is important to distinguish physiological shedding from excessive shedding, which may signal a more significant underlying issue. Physiological hair loss is a normal part of the hair life cycle.

Physiological hair shedding

Hair naturally progresses through a life cycle lasting approximately 3-4 years, after which around 10-15% of hairs enter the telogen (resting) phase and are shed to make room for new growth. Losing 50-100 hairs per day (and in some periods up to 200) is considered normal and should not be alarming.

Excessive (concerning) hair loss

Hair loss may become problematic when:

• You notice significantly more hair than usual on your brush, pillow, or in the drain.
• Hair sheds in clumps during washing, brushing, or even with gentle pulling through the hair.
• Hair becomes dull and coarse, and overall density decreases, making the scalp more visible.
• Shedding persists longer than expected and does not resolve spontaneously.

In such cases, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist to determine the causes of excessive shedding and implement appropriate management.

Main causes of increased hair loss

Many factors can contribute to excessive hair loss. Understanding them is essential in order to take effective, targeted action.

Seasonal factors

Autumn and spring are seasons during which many people report increased shedding. Seasonal change is associated with physiological rhythms and may also reflect transient weakening after winter or intense summer exposure, which can increase the number of hairs being shed.

Health-related factors

• Thyroid disorders – both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can weaken hair and increase shedding.
• Anemia (iron deficiency) – iron is essential for hair growth, and deficiency commonly presents with increased hair loss.
• Autoimmune diseases – conditions such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or lupus may affect hair follicles, leading to follicular damage and shedding.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) – may drive hormonal dysregulation that affects the hair life cycle.
• Infections with high fever – may disrupt the growth phase and trigger shedding months later.

Lifestyle and diet

• Chronic stress – prolonged stress is one of the most common triggers of telogen effluvium, which can cause substantial shedding.
• Rapid weight loss – restrictive diets, especially those low in protein and essential nutrients, can weaken hair and promote shedding.
• Vitamin and mineral deficiencies – nutrients important for hair health include iron, zinc, B vitamins, vitamin D3, and omega-3 fatty acids. Deficiencies may impair hair structure, contributing to hair loss.

NL-GHK-Cu™ – Support in addressing hair loss and improving skin condition

If you are experiencing hair loss and want to support the body’s natural regenerative processes, it may be worth considering adding NL-GHK-Cu™ to your routine. This is a research-tested product that combines GHK (a tripeptide) with copper ions—a combination with broad properties that support the health of hair, skin, and tissues.

GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring peptide capable of activating the production of collagen and elastin—proteins responsible for skin firmness and elasticity. Copper, in turn, is a key element that supports microcirculation and tissue repair processes. Through this combination, NL-GHK-Cu™ may stimulate hair follicles and improve scalp circulation, creating favorable conditions for the growth of new, stronger hair.

NL-GHK-Cu™ offers comprehensive support that complements the body’s natural regenerative mechanisms. When combined with an appropriate diet, proper hair care, and a healthy lifestyle, the supplement may contribute to improved hair and scalp condition—reducing the visible impact of hair loss and enhancing hair appearance.

Summary

Hair shedding is a natural process within the hair life cycle, but excessive loss may indicate that the body requires additional support. Understanding when shedding is physiological and when it signals the need for action enables an appropriate response.

Keep in mind that stress, hormonal changes, diet, and health-related factors—such as nutrient deficiencies or autoimmune disease—can contribute to increased hair loss. Identifying the factors that influence hair condition is essential for effectively supporting long-term hair health.

FAQ – Frequently asked questions about hair loss

1. How many hairs per day is considered normal shedding?

Under typical conditions, we lose 50-100 hairs per day. This is a natural process related to the hair life cycle, in which older hairs are shed to make room for new growth. During seasonal periods such as autumn or spring, shedding may increase to as many as 200 hairs per day, which is also considered within normal limits.

2. When does hair loss become a problem?

Hair loss may become a concern when you notice that hair sheds in clumps—particularly during washing, brushing, or even gentle pulling through the hair. If shedding is clearly more intense than usual and hair becomes dull, coarse, and less dense, it is worth evaluating overall health status and taking appropriate steps.

3. What causes excessive hair loss?

Excessive hair loss can have many causes, including stress, hormonal changes, vitamin and mineral deficiencies (e.g., iron, vitamin D, vitamin B12), and medical conditions such as thyroid disorders, anemia, PCOS, or autoimmune disease. In addition, an inadequate diet, chronic stress, and insufficient hair care can significantly affect hair condition.

4. Which supplements help address hair loss?

Supplements such as NL-GHK-Cu™ may support the hair’s natural regenerative processes. By combining GHK with copper ions, this product may promote new hair growth, improve scalp microcirculation, and support collagen and elastin production—processes relevant to maintaining hair structure. Supplementation is best combined with a nutrient-rich diet.

5. Is NL-GHK-Cu™ safe to use?

NL-GHK-Cu™ is a research-tested product developed to support the regeneration of hair, skin, and tissues. It is considered safe when used according to recommendations. However, if you have underlying medical conditions or any concerns, consulting a physician before starting supplementation is advised.

6. Can NL-GHK-Cu™ support hair regrowth after medical treatment?

Yes, NL-GHK-Cu™ may provide valuable support during hair recovery after surgical procedures, hormonal therapies, or periods of intense stress. By supporting collagen and elastin production and improving scalp microcirculation, the supplement may promote new hair growth and improve hair density and overall condition.